FISHING

• Introduction

The main occupation of the people of Goa is fishing and most of  the Goans are fishermen. Now-a-days many people in Goa also contribute to the tourism industry by promoting their hotels, beach resorts and giving houses for rent to the tourists in Goa. Some people also run restaurants that serve some of the best Goan cuisine. Some of the people in Goa are also motorcycle pilots by 

profession. Infact Goa is the only place where one can find a unique pillion-passenger motorcycle taxi or two wheeler taxi often referred to as a 'pilot'. It is known to be a cheap form of transport in Goa and 

is a very popular means for the ladies to roam around to the markets.

• Traditional Fishing In Goa

The main occupation of the people of Goa is fishing and most of the Goans are fishermen. Now-a-days many people in Goa also 

contribute to the tourism industry by promoting their hotels, beach resorts and giving houses for rent to the tourists in Goa. 

Some people also run restaurants that serve some of the best Goan cuisine.

Some of the people in Goa are also motorcycle pilots by profession. Infact Goa is the only place where one can find a unique pillion-passenger motorcycle taxi or two wheeler taxi 

often referred to as a 'pilot'. It is known to be a cheap form of transport in Goa and is a very popular means for the ladies to 

roam around to the markets.

• The different types of modern fishing technique are :-

1) Hand fishing: where the fisherman or the person uses fishing rod to collect or remove different fishes.

2) spearfishing: it is an ancient method of fishing conducted with an ordinary spear or specialised variant such as a harpoon arrow or eel spear. 

3) Netting: Fishing nets are usually meshes formed by 

knotting a thin thread. Under this there are various and different types of nets used. 

4) Line Fishing

5) Angling etc.. 

Conclusion:

Goa as most of the people think of it as a holiday destination, it is also very famous for its culture. Goan are said to be born 

with music and football in their blood. As its set on the coast line fishing is the main traditional occupation where as fish, curry and rice is the staple diet of the Goan people. Goan culture is also said to have a touch Portuguese traditions.

Mangueshi temple

Introduction

Shri Mangesh temple is located at Mangeshi village in Priol , Ponda Taluka, Goa. It is at a distance of 1 km from Mardol close to Nageshi , 21 km from Panaji the capital

of Goa, and 26 km from Margao .

H.H.Shrimad Swamiji of Shri Kavale Math is Spiritual head Of Shri Manguesh Saunsthan, Mangeshi. This temple is one of the largest and most frequently visited temples in Goa. In 2011, the temple along with others in the area instituted a dress code on visitors of the temple.

History

This temple had its origins in Kushasthali Cortalim , a village in murmugao which fell to the invading Portuguese in 1543. 

In the year 1560, when the Portuguese started Christian conversation in Marmugoa taluka, the

Saraswats of Kaundinya Gotra and Vatsa Gotra moved the Mangesh Linga from the original site at the Kushasthali or Cortalim on the banks of river Aghanashini  (Zuari )

(Sancoale) to its present location at Mangeshi in Priol village of Atrunja Taluka, which was then ruled by the Hindu kings of Sonde of Antruz Mahal (Ponda), to be more secure.

Since the time of the shifting, the temple has been rebuilt and renovated twice during the reign of the Marathas and again in the year 1890. The final renovation occurred in

the year 1973 when a golden kalasha (holy vessel) was fitted atop the tallest dome of the temple.

The original site was a very simple structure, and the current structure was only built under Maratha rule, some 150 years after it had been moved. The Peshwas donated the village of Mangeshi to the temple in 1739 on the suggestion of their Sardar, Shri Ramchandra Malhar Sukhtankar, who was a staunch follower of Shri Mangesh. Just a few years after it was built, this area too fell into Portuguese hands in 1763, but by

now, the Portuguese had lost their initial religious zeal and had become quite

tolerant of other religions, and so, this structure remained untouched.

Other deties

The complex also has shrines of Goddess Parvati and God Ganesha . The other deities in the temple are Nandikeshvar, Gajana, Bhagavati and the Gramapurusha Deva Sharma of the Kaudanya gotra. The subsidiary shrines to the rear of the main building house Devtas like Mulakeshwsar,Virbhadra,Saanteri, Lakshminarayan , Suryanarayan , Garuda and Kala Bhairav .

Legend behind the origin of the Linga Mangeshi is devoted to one of the avatars of Lord Shiva. The story goes that during a

game of dice Lord Shiva lost everything he possessed to his wife Parvati, even his home on mount Kailasa in the Himalayas. He left his abode and wandered to South India and reached Goa. He decided to stay there and meditate.

His wife Parvati, heartbroken and lonely, came searching for him. While moving through the dense forests in Goa she encountered a tiger. In fright she shouted, “Trahi

Mam Girisha”. Which meant ‘Oh Lord of the mountain protect me’.

Turns out the tiger changed his form into Shiva, who had changed his form to frighten

Parvati. Off course Lord Shiva and Parvati reunited. To mark the occasion, Lord Shiva adopted the name Mam Girish, last two words of Parvati’s cry. The words "mam girisha" became associated with Shiva and over time the words got abbreviated toManguirisha or Manguesh.

Daily Rituals

Like most temples in Goa, Mangueshi Temple has a large number of pujas being performed daily. Every morning, Shodshopchar pujas, namely abhisheka , Laghurudra and Maharudra, are performed. This is followed by Maha-Aarti at noon and

Panchopchar pooja at night.Every Monday, the idol of Manguesh is taken out for a procession in the Palakhi accompanied by music before the evening Aarti .

Festivals

The annual festivals include Rama Navami , Akshaya Tritiya, Anant

Vritotsava, Navaratri , Dussera , Diwali , Magha Poornima Festival (Jatrotsav) and Mahashivratri. Magha Poornima Festival begins on Magha Shukla Saptami and ends on Magha Poornima.

Conclusion

The temple sheds immense light upon an interesting chapter in the Goan history. The complex is worth the visit and the architecture of the building is a unique blend of

various influences prevalent at that time.

History of Fatarpekarin temple

Introduction

Shantadurga is the most popular form of the Hindu

goddess Durga revered in Goa, India, as well some parts of Karnataka. She is a Brahminical form of the

ancient Mother goddess known as Santeri. She is

worshipped in almost all villages of Goa as an ant hill.

 This is seen in some temples dedicated to Shantadurga Festivals. In every temple of Goa many festivals are celebrated with  great pomp and joy. Various festivals are celebrated in a temple throughout the year that is from “Chaitra to 

Falgun”. In Fatarpekarin temple every Monday there is an offering 

of abhishek and processaion of goddess in Palki is carried out. All these are important festivals according to Hindu calendar that are celebrated in the temple.

Some important festivals that are celebrated are:

1)Navratri and Dashera

2)Avlibhojan and Kaloutsav

3)Annual Zatroutsav

4)Gade Utsav

History of Temple

Fatorpa is a village which is located in Quepem taluka in South Goa district. “Fatorpa is derived from the word fator that is stone. 

Fatorpa is 19 kms away from Margoa. This village is surrounded with natural beauty. Kshatriya people of Narve Diwadi were fed up with the constant violence by the mislim people on them. So in the period of 1365-1370, Ksyatriya people migrated to 

Fatorpa with all their deities.

From that time the temple of Shantadurga is known as “Shree Shantadurga Fatarpekarin Prassan”.

Conclusion

Fatarpekarin is a temple which one cannot miss to visit and also the festivals of the temple are so mesmerising that no 

one would like to miss them.

History of Mahalasa Temple

INTRODUCTION

Mhalsa is also spelled as mhalasa is a Hindu goddess. She is venerated in two distinct tradition. As an independent goddess she is considered as a form of mohini the female avatar of God Vishnu and is called as Mahalasa Narayani.

Mahalasa is also worshipped as the consort of the flok God khandoba she is associated with pravati, shiva’s wife As well as Mohini as an independent goddess mahalasa chief temple include mardol in mardol Goa. The mahalasa

Temple is located at mardol in ponda Is one of the most they must temple and Of different castes, Community in the region.

It is believed that he is form nevase Maharashtra that Shri Mahalasa Narayani Come to verna in gomantak that is present day Goa.

HISTORY

Mahalsa's older temple in Old Mardol or Velham or Verna, Salcette was

destroyed by the Portuguese in 1567, though the icon of the Mahalasa was rescued. It was shifted here from Velham to avoid destruction during the

forcible Christianization of Salcette. When the current temple in Mardol

(which was outside Portuguese control) was built in the 17th century, the icon was reconsecrated. The icon's history before Verna is blurry. Some believe

that the main temple of Mahalasa was originally located in Nepal. During

the Mughal domination, Aurangabad fell under the Muslim rule and the icon

was moved to a secret location in Goa. Later, a small temple was built at

Verna. The Mardol temple complex also has smaller temples of the goddess Shantadurga (Santeri) and Lakshmi Narayan (Vishnu with his consort Lakshmi), who are worshipped daily with Mahalasa. The shrines for  five main ganas (attendants) of Mahalasa, namely Grampurush, Bhagwati,  Dadh, Simha Purush and Mhal Purush, are also located within the temple  premises.

 Daily worship of all these deities is carried out before worshipping  the main goddess. The temple has canteen which is run by the workers. 

The  most popular temple of supreme mother Mahalasa is at mardol in goa, which  is over 450 years old. The Mahalasa temple is the most beautiful and charming

temple of ponda Area in Goa Decorated with the blue color this temple is 

unique in its shape there is glittering brass, On its peak. As you enter the 

temple you see everywhere large engraved columns. There is unique artistic 

wooden carving on the terrace Courtyard is dominated by a seven storied  dermal or lamp tower. A huge deepstamba made of five metals, which was  built in 17th century. This splendid Pillar is 40 feet in height and has 21 rings of a small hundred fifty small lamps. It is thought to be the largest lamb of its kind in India. 

The lamp lit on every Sunday evening. The inner Hall of the temple has carving of the 10 incarnation of Lord Vishnu that have been stunningly painted. An elaborate silver frame adorns the doorway carved. 

Behind the temple is a large laterite lined water tank overlooked by a large 

sacred peepal tree.

After the morning and evening aarti the Prasad- the holy meal is served 

here.The temple is famous in Goa for its huge brass bell. The bell does not 

have a ringer. The ringer was attached only when somebody wanted to testify.  It was believed that the goddess will punish the person by killing the person in three days who lied while ringing the bell. The belief was so strong that  during the Portuguese rule the testimony in the temple was considered 

acceptable in the court of law. It is also famous for its Brass Divli/Samai.

FESTIVAL

PALAKHI SEVA

Jatra mahotsav (magh mahotsav) is a popular Festival celebrated at Mahalasa temple. Held in February, it is also called the mardol jatar Apart from the jatra, the jaiyachi puja held in August and the kojagiri pornima are two others special accasions. Sunday holds a special significance for the temple and the presiding goddess. On this day, Palakhi Seva is performed in addition to other rituals. 

The goddess is taken out for a ride around the temple in a palanquin (palakhi). The palanquin is decked up with flowers and traditional colourful decorations. A large crowd gathers to participate in the event and the devotees sing her praises.

CONCLUSION 

Mahalasa Narayani is the most well-known temple and we cannot avoid visiting this temple. lakhs of devotees and tourist visits 450-year-old temple every year to gin blessing or to solicit blessing of the divine deity.

History of Gauda Community

Goa, with its sandy beaches, blue sea, and clear skies, is that the excellent vacation destination.

There square measure several things to try to and lots of things to check throughout your keep in

province. People of province are very warm, friendly, hospitable and alluring. They welcome

tourists from all round the world with open hearts. The population of Goa additionally includes

descendents from varied ancient tribes. Several of those tribes are thriving in Goa even nowadays.

Scheduled Tribes of Goa are an integral a part of their cultural heritage. 

The chief tribes in state include:

Velips

Kunbis

Gowdas

Dhangars

HISTORY

Tribal people in state have a lot of or less maintained their ancient ways that of life –practices, lifestyles and customs. Although they’re greatly conscious of their development of the skin world, they need perpetually most well-liked to remain connected with their roots.

The Gowdas are the key tribe in state. The Gowda tribes reside deep at intervals the inside villages of province. There’s no official record describing the migration of the

Gowda social group clan in Goa. The Gowda tribals apply Hindu faith and worship lord Malikkarjun who is another variety of Lord Shiva.

 The Gowdas guard their blood lines and ethnicity very seriously. Gowdas aren’t allowed to marry outside their tribes

and follow this in marriage while not fail. Gowdas permit cross-cousin marriages between maternal and paternal cousins. once the Portuguese forced a section of the Gowda community to convert to Christianity, the tribe was completely different ways into 3 different teams. 

The Gowdas bury their dead during a land site and don’t apply the standard Hindu custom of cremating them. The Gowdas additionally offer several rights and powers to their ladies. The Gowda

ladies square measure allowed to require half within the economic development of the community and might even add the agricultural field. The Gowda laws permit their women to inherit her husband’s property on his death.

There is no official record of where or from which direction the Gowdas may have migrated to Goa. 

However, legends float in the air and you can sniff many of those. Some scholars have linked them to the Gowda community of Bengal, because of

many similar customs and traditions. Believed to derive their name from the Sanskrit word “Gaon” for village, they are said to be among the earliest inhabitants of Goa.

The Gowdas are Hindus, with no specific hierarchial order and don’t marry outside their community. You can find them consonant in many ways with the Velips, save

the role and rights of women in their society. Women play a very active role in economic, social and political activities, but ironically are not allowed to participate in religious rituals, even in those related to the clan deity in the family house.

The festivals of the Gowda tribe is an interesting thing to behold. By singing and

dancing around Malikkarjun (Lord Shiva), the main deity, they indeed create a magnificent vista.

“The Gowdas have been well- appreciated for their equality in gender and starting women to be in power to take important decisions too.”

How to maintain A Healthy Lifestyle in Modern Time

In this present era, many people promote unhealthy lifestyles. However, others believe that it is possible to have healthy lifestyle if they are eager to obtain it. In my opinion, general people can enjoy healthier life by doing simple efforts such as consuming nutritious food and doing exercise regularly.

The changing process of lifestyle is begun by advancing technology. Since the earlier inventions humans have been accustomed to live easier by lot of help from diverse technology. These days therefore, it has changed most of humans activities to be more sedentary. Societies are prone to consume high- engineering food and avoid physical activity. For example they prefer to eat kind of quick meal at lunch than to prepare a lunch box and inhabitants are more likely choose to drive than a walk. As the result, individuals lifestyle change to be unhealthy.

On the other hand, simple efforts can lead healthier lifestyle for population. Firstly, those are supposed to change their eating habit. They should consume healthy food. It can be  done by preparing their daily diet or by ordering healthy food from restaurant that serve organic food and low fat food. Another solution to be healthier is by choosing to walk or bike for reaching their work places. It can be much better than doing occasionally exercise in gyms. Thus, it is easy to enjoy life healthy.

In conclusion, several technologies could be encouraged people to have unhealthy lifestyle. In fact, it is not difficult to obtain a healthy lifestyle because it is can be done by uncomplicated ways. In addition, to have healthy lifestyle, people should be aware that maintaining health is more important than getting recovery.

Tourism

An urge to travel is an inborn instinct in human beings. People like to see the wide world with its variety of languages, habits, cultures,climates and an ever-changing landscape. To the intellectual type, the art, culture, traditions, and festivals and architecture are an added attraction. Man has changed his mode of travel over the centuries from barges and boats to high-speed jet planes. The restful but time-consuming voyage on a ship, in contrast to a speedy and spectacular ride in a jet, both are fascinating. In the fast changing world, the jets of today will be old fashioned and obsolete before the supersonic giants.

Tourism has a tremendous impact on the economy of any country. The invisible gains in the balance sheet of the country's economy are by no means insignificant. Coupled with these gains is the large amount of international good-will the country earns at no sacrifice whatsoever. The country's tourist potential consists mainly of what is already a part and parcel of the land. The country does not part with any of these real assets but the impressions and the souvenir which the tourists take back from a country are weightier than gold in terms good-will and friendship. In return, the tourist expects nothing more than tourist-free travels. More than anything else he wants an opportunity to meet the people of the country and know about their customs, habits, religion and the outlook on life.

A vital role that tourism can play is to act as an instrument of closer international relations. Countries professing diametrically opposite political ideologies can hardly ever have a common meeting ground. Yet this ground can be provided by the encouragement of tourists traffic. A tourist visits a country to relax and enjoy in a different environment. The setting is ideal for a free and unbiased exchange of views and ideas. Such exchanges have often paved the way for clearer appreciation of each other's point of view and can contribute substantially to international understanding. In a way tourism can be said to be a messenger of good-will and peace.

Tourism can also help to promote business. A tourist visiting a country can take advantage of his stay to meet his clients in business. Such personal contacts often contribute towards larger business. It is no less possible for tourist to establish fresh business connections either in the same line of business,or may be in some other entirely new line, which may ultimately turn out to be far more lucrative.

Health is wealth

Only a healthy man can be happy. If the body is healthy, the mind will also be healthy. A healthy mind is a happy mind. If we are cheerful, we can do our work with enthusiasm. We will then be successful in all that we do. Thus good health is the strong foundation on which success and prosperity can be built up. Proverbs like 'Health is Wealth' and 'A sound mind in a sound body' show the importance of health in human life.

Many people think that wealth or money is the most important thing. They try to earn money by sacrificing everything else. They sacrifice their peace of mind and their health. They do not know that an unhealthy man can not be happy. They suffer much on account of their I'll health,but they attribute their sufferings to bad luck. They may sometimes feel that if they earn more money,their sufferings will vanish.

If we have health, we can work hard and earn wealth, but if we lose our health, we cannot get it back by using money. It is true that we can buy medicines and get good treatment if we have money. But a man does not become healthy merely by getting cured of his disease. It is his ill health that makes him susceptible to various diseases. A healthy man can resist the attack of diseases.

If we realize the importance of health; we must take care to preserve our health. The most important thing is proper exercise. We should give proper exercise to every part of the body. We should devote atleast half an hour everyday to physical exercise. We can do this either in the morning or in the evening. It should become part of daily routine. We should take breathing exercises also. We must learn to fill our lungs with oxygen. Proper food is also important. We should eat nutritious food. We should eat balanced diet-food that contains carbohydrates,proteins,fats, vitamins and minerals in the right proportion. We should also sleep properly. A healthy man needs six-eight hours of sleep every day. We should keep our body in the right posture. The main part of the body from buttocks to head should always be kept in straight line. We can remain healthy through proper exercise, proper breathing, proper food, proper posture and proper sleep.

Television

Radio enables us to hear what is said at a distant place, but television enables us to see and hear what is happening at a distant place. Thus the impact of the television is much more than that of the radio. The television has replaced the radio in many homes. People now sit before their television set for hours together watching various interesting T.V. programmes.

News, songs, dances, plays, films, cricket matches, football matches and various other programmes are telecaster, and we can see them sitting in our drawing-room if we have a television set before us. We can see the newsreader reading the news. When there is some important news, we are shown the visuals depicting the actual incidents. When the newsreader says that Yeltsin met the American President Bill Clinton, we can see on the TV screen the 2 leaders meeting and conversing with each other. Thus TV viewers get a more concrete idea of world events than those who listen to news bulletins broadcast by radio stations.

TV programmes provide education as well as entertainment. The entertainment value of television is equal to that of the cinema. We see pictures on the TV screen just as we see pictures on the screen in a cinema theatre. But the television is more convincing because we see everything sitting in our homes. We need not take the trouble of going to the theatre. Scientific programmes and quiz programmes are very instructive and of great educative value. Songs, dances, plays and films provide a lot of entertainment to TV viewers.

As the impact of TV programmes is equal to that of films, the television can be used for social reforms and promoting national integration. The harmful effects of social evils like dowry, casteism, smoking, drinking, smuggling, drug-taking, etc., can be shown TV programmes in order to educate the people. As television is controlled by the government, they can easily do it if they have the will to do it. Programmes for promoting national integration are being shown. A Keralite sings a Tamil song, a Tamilian sings a Marathi song, a Maharashtrian sings Gujarati song, a Gujarati sings a Bengali song, a Bengali sings a Kannada song, and so on. Such programmes promote national integration.

Films can be recorded on video tapes and then telecast. Doordarshan telecasts a few films every week. In addition to this, we see any film like on the TV screen, if we have a video cassette of the film and a V.C.P. or V.C.R. Some people think that this has adversely affected the income from films.

Television is very useful, but it is not unmixed blessing. Television experts a bad influence on many people. It makes people lazy. People sit for hours watching television and neglect their duties. This danger is greater in the case of students. They sit infront of the TV set, watching their interesting programmes and neglect their studies. The habit of sitting before the television for hours together has become a dangerous addiction in many houses. They should realize that their chief duty is to study.

Rising pollution

Pollution is the term which even kid are aware of these days. It has become so common that almost everyone acknowledges the fact that pollution is rising continuously. The term 'pollution' means the manifestation of any unsolicited foreign substance in something. The contamination that is happening of the natural resources by various pollutants. All this is mainly caused by human activities which harm the environment in ways more than one. Therefore, an urgent need has arisen to tackle this issue straightening. That is to say, pollution is damaging our earth severely and we need to realize its effects and prevent this damage. In this essay on pollution,we will see what are the effects of pollution and how to reduce it.

Pollution affects the quality of life more than one can imagine. It works in mysterious ways, sometimes which cannot be seen by naked eye. However it is very much present in the environment. For instance, you might not be able to see the natural gases present in the air,but they are still there. Similarly, the pollutants which are messing up in the air and increasing the levels of CO2 is very dangerous for humans. Increased level of Carbon Dioxide will lead to global warming.

Further,the water is polluted in the name f industrial development, religious practices and more will cause a shortage of drinking water. Without water,human life is not possible. Moreover, the way waste is dumped on the land eventually ends up in the soil and turns toxic. If land pollution keeps on happening at this rate, we won't have fertile soil to grow our crops on. Therefore, serious measures must be taken to reduce pollution to the core.

After learning harmful effects of pollution one must get on the task of preventing or reducing pollution as soon as possible. To reduce air pollution, people should take public transport or carpool to reduce vehicular smoke. While it may be hard, avoiding firecrackers at festivals and celebrations can also cut down on air and noise pollution. Above all, we must adopt the habit of recycling. All the used plastic ends up in the oceans and land which pollutes them.

So,remember to not dispose of them off after use,rather them as long as you can. We must also encourage to plant more trees which will absorb the harmful gases and make air cleaner. When talking on a bigger level, the government must limit the usage of fertilizer to maintain the soil's fertility.

To sum it up, all types of pollution is hazardous and comes with grave consequences. Everyone must take a step towards change ranging from individual to the industries. All of us must take a stand and become a voice for the unheard in order to make this earth pollution-free.

Environmental pollution

Nature is our mother. She offers us all facilities to lead a comfortable and peaceful life. She brings us rain. She feeds the human beings who are her children. The plants, trees,bushes and the grains we grow all belong to nature. Yet man is not grateful to nature. He pollutes the surroundings and brings destruction on himself.


Environmental pollution may be of three kinds. They are air pollution, water pollution and noise pollution. Air pollution is caused by factories which emit smokes and fumes. They mix with the pure air and pollute it. Air pollution is also caused by fumes from the exhaust pipes of vehicles. It is also caused by all kinds of refuse such as dust bin refuse, lavatory refuse and washing up refuse. When we breathe the polluted air, our lungs are affected by diseases.


Water pollution is contaminating water sources. Factory wastes and gutter water are allowed to flow into rivers. These are also collected in ponda. They pollute the surroundings. Contaminated water causes many diseases. Cholera is the first among them. Stagnant water breeds mosquitoes. It results in malaria.


Noise pollution is caused by vehicles and their horn. Some factories also disturb the peaceful atmosphere around. Loud speakers are worst pollutants in this regard. They spoil the entire atmosphere.


Man cuts and fells trees without any limit. This causes imbalance on the surface of the earth. The result is lack of rain and soil erosion. Ws must protect trees. Let us keep our surroundings clean and lead a healthy and happy life.

An ideal teacher

From very ancient times teachers have been honoured as builders of the nation. Plato and Aristotle in Greece, Vashisht and Vishwamitra in India, enjoyed a status next only to Kings and Princes. Their word was law to their disciples. But it must be remembered they were ideal men, sages and saints, who thought of the good of others every moment of their lives.


Teachers are the salt of the earth. When teachers grow weak or corrupt, that means, the utter ruin of society. They are the lumps that shatter darkness, the light houses the guide the wandering ships and keep it away from dangerous rocks.


An ideal teacher is,in the first place, the master of his subject. He spends his days in the pursuit of studies. He is ever hungry for the latest information and researches on his subject. He reads journals and magazines which keep him well informed and up-to-date. A library is like a temple to him.


A teacher again, possesses the art of making the most difficult subject intelligible to his students. He understands the difficulties of his pupils and with sympathy and even compassion would come down to their level. It is a great sin to talk over the heads of the students. When a teacher takes pains to teach his students, no wonder students love and rever him. He is regular and punctual.


A perfect teacher is always fair and impartial. For him all students are alike. He is like a father to them. A teacher would be failing in his duties if he favoured some students on grounds of their riches or social status. An ideal teacher is simple in his habits. He has no time for the glitter and pomp of life because these are declarations of empty minds. If he has any spare money, he would spend it on books and magazines rather than on curious and decoration pieces.


With all this about an ideal teacher, one cannot help saying that an ideal teacher is a rare bird. But then all ideals are unattainable.

Politics in Schools

The aim of education is to create responsible citizens. Hence, we give much importance to citizenship training. The education should enable them to develop desirable qualities like kindness, truthfulness, responsibility, obedience, discipline, etc. As a responsible citizen, he should be aware of his rights and duties. Above all he should uphold the values of the country such as democracy, secularism, equality, etc.

Citizenship training does not mean involvement in politics. Of course, politics has a major role in democracy. The students should know about the constitution, how do we elect our representatives and how they make laws. They learn all these facts in schools. If these ideas taught are not enough, more topics on civics, law and constitution may be included. On the contrary, there is no meaning in students' engaging in politics.

In the earlier stage, if they indulge in politics they will be misguided. They learn nothing from political parties in the present context. They do involve in violence and work for their political masters as blind followers. They do are not given opportunity to think what is right. They are not mature enough to choose a party. On the other hand, they follow the political lines of their parents, teachers and sometimes they are misguided by anti-social elements. In schools, we are misguided by anti-social elements. In schools, we are giving lessons on family life and their responsibilities in life, but we do not allow them to engage in married life to learn about family. Hence the arguments that they should be allowed to work in politics to learn about democracy is baseless.

Students must get proper training to become a good citizen in a democratic country. For this, they should have enough knowledge in constitution and the functioning of our government. They should be aware of their fundamental rights and responsibilities of a good Citizen. More emphasis should be given for the values like democracy, secularism, scientific thinking, equality, independence and integrity of the country. Students should be given opportunity to choose their own politics when they become mature. Hence elders should not try to impose politics on children. They should be allowed to learn more, think more and to choose their own way.

Novels

The novel is the most popular literary form. Novels are more popular than poems and plays,because novels are more readable. People read novels mainly because a novel usually contains a good story. Most people think that a novel must contain story. It is the story-interest that attracts readers to novels. Another reason for the popularity of novels is that novels are usually written in simple style. Anyone who has learnt to read can read a novel. No special skill is required for reading a novel. That is why many people read novels to while away their time.


A novel resembles life. When a person reads a novel, he feels that the characters are living of persons. He feels that they are his friends and neighbors. When he had finished reading the novel,he asks himself whether the characters have acted justly or not. He asks himself whether he would do the same thing under similar circumstances. Thus the reader is forced to review his own moral poposition. When a person reads a large number of novels in this manner, it gives him an insight into human nature.

The only disadvantage of reading novels is that a novel-reader may become absorbed in novels and neglect his duties. One should therefore in novels without neglecting one's duties. There is no other disadvantage if one reads only good novels.

The disadvantages are greater if one reads cheap novels. The life depicted in cheap novels is of a low kind, and it is likely to have a bad influence on the readers.

Knowledge is power

Desire for power is inherent in man. The love of power comes from the consciousness of man's mental and moral superiority over other created things. It is instinctive,therefore, that man as superior being must control and dominate others. Again the awareness that all men are created unequal gives birth to the desire to rule and dominate others. The history of the struggle for power. Thus from the primitive wars of tribes and clans to the ruinous wars of today, there is only one idea behind these wars and that is the thirst for power.


Broadly speaking, power is of two kinds- physical and mental. Physical power is of the lower order as compared to the power of the mind. Primitive men mainly understood one kind of power and that was of the body. In the past strength of the arms decided things and might alone was right. However, with the growth of civilization and the development of human mind, the mental power came to be recognized as a superior order. Mental power has its origin in knowledge.


When men first appeared on the earth, he was no better than animals. He was also the beast of prey and was the hostile forces of nature. But God endowed him with an intelligent mind and this mind ultimately came to his To his rescue. He discovered fire and learnt it uses and this knowledge of using fire gave him power. Similarly, knowledge of other elements and things gradually made him strong. In course of time his knowledge has achieved wonders in the world and given man mastery over many things.


All the great discoveries and inventions on which modern life is based are but the manifestations of the power of knowledge. The conquest of the forces of nature like water and electricity and harnessing of these forces for man's use,have been made possible by the knowledge of physics. It is the knowledge of mechanics which has lessened distance, broken down the barriers between the men and enabled men to realize the affinity of men all over the world. The epoch making discovery of atomic energy has revolutionized the entire concept of future life of man on the earth. Today completely unheard strides made by man in the field of science are the results of the knowledge and perpetuate search of wisdom combined with the hunger of power to rule and dominate.



In fact, the development of art, science, culture and civilization, ultimately depends upon knowledge. Nature has yielded her mysteries to this power. It has made physical power and mental strength to one and the same. But the knowledge has not only given man mental strength, it has taught him how to utilize his physical strength in a better, surer and more and more disciplined and economic way.



Great ideas make great men and there is no trait more constant in human nature than his habit of pursuing a truth beyond its province. Great as is the power of knowledge, the tendency to misuse is greater. Knowledge is inclined to fill us with pride and thus stake it's real blessings. The need is to translate knowledge into wisdom, for knowledge is proud and wisdom is humble. Its only when we have realised this that we understand the significance of knowledge that is power, and get the desire to acquire that knowledge which enable us to find truth. We must pursue knowledge to its utmost for,"half knowledge is a dangerous thing; Drink deep or taste not the perennial spring ".

Dawn of science

It is a fact that seven thousand years ago, man had hands,eyes and brain as good as those of a man today. But how much they made use of them is little evident. Lack of records of that period make a study not possible.

Recorded evidence is of course available of Egypt and Mesopotamia five or six thousand years ago. These must have been done by the wise priests, who studied movement of stars, metallurgy,medicine and whatever else that was thought wisdom.

Of every period, volumes can be written on what men wanted to know and how he learnt. Indeed, it must have been great inquisitiveness that man watch night after night,without any suitable instrument, such as, telescope, the slow change in the position of stars etc. He was very thoughtful to connect the appearance of new stars with the changing seasons. Ultimately, Astronomy, the science of planets and stars, was born. Water-clock and sand-clock were invented to measure time. Marking time is a very significant step in the field of science, as it marks the prime theory of nature and its regularity.

The great Pyramids,dated 2300 B.C. denote a marvelous feat of the engineers of that period. It must have been the result of a good study and application of practical Geometry. Early people in their own way studied the medicine with no knowledge of Anatomy. This, the foundation of science was laid purely due to the scientific attitude of mind, questioning and reasoning.

The age of advertisement

We all get affected by the advertisement in the magazines, radio and television. They promise you and make you believe to get your ideal things for money you spend. For growing long hair and to obtain a petal-soft skin and so many other requirements a variety of products are advertised which promise to make you realize your unbelievable dreams. Their sole purpose is to induce the buyer to spend more. Well, knowing this truth doesn't stop the victims from getting attracted by this media stunt.

Though we are fully aware of the artful devices of a toothpaste company, we enjoy the color and pictorial values of what we see. Many companies make these pictures with all imagination. Some of the best advertisements of the Air India have won international acclaim. A short film, with a good story and colorful atmosphere creates, the desired effect without much words.

Present age is an age of Advertisement and hoardings. It has become a separate field to study with so many specialization techniques. All big and small companies depend upon these agencies to catch the market for their products. Advertisement may be a myth, but it has to stay, as industries grow so fast and markets are flooded with several new products. There should be some code of ethics to prevent the producers from adulteration of things and from cheating the public.